![]() ![]() You might imagine that the electrons are interfering with one another as any waves do. This can be observed for photons or electrons-for now, let us concentrate on electrons. Both patterns are probability distributions in the sense that they are built up by individual particles traversing the apparatus, the paths of which are not individually predictable.īoth patterns build up statistically as individual particles fall on the detector. Double-slit interference for electrons (a) and photons (b) is identical for equal wavelengths and equal slit separations. First, we note that these patterns are identical, following d sin θ = mλ, the equation for double-slit constructive interference developed in Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum, where d is the slit separation and λ is the electron or photon wavelength.įigure 2. Consider the double-slit patterns obtained for electrons and photons in Figure 2. Let us explore what happens if we try to follow a particle. It is somewhat disquieting to think that you cannot predict exactly where an individual particle will go, or even follow it to its destination. Those who developed quantum mechanics devised equations that predicted the probability distribution in various circumstances. There is a certain probability of finding the particle at a given location, and the overall pattern is called a probability distribution. ![]() After compiling enough data, you get a distribution related to the particle’s wavelength and diffraction pattern. However, each particle goes to a definite place (as illustrated in Figure 1). The idea quickly emerged that, because of its wave character, a particle’s trajectory and destination cannot be precisely predicted for each particle individually. ![]() The overall distribution shown at the bottom can be predicted as the diffraction of waves having the de Broglie wavelength of the electrons.Īfter de Broglie proposed the wave nature of matter, many physicists, including Schrödinger and Heisenberg, explored the consequences. Each electron arrives at a definite location, which cannot be precisely predicted. The building up of the diffraction pattern of electrons scattered from a crystal surface. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Lymphatic filariasis affects over 120 million people in 73 countries throughout the tropics and sub-tropics of Asia, Africa, the Western Pacific, and parts of the Caribbean and South America.Ī wide range of mosquitoes can transmit the parasite, depending on the geographic area. In Asia, the disease can also be caused by Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. Most of the infections worldwide are caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. There are three different filarial species (nematode parasites) that can cause lymphatic filariasis in humans. Lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) Elephantiasis of leg due to filariasis/CDC In many parts of the world, the parasites have developed resistance to a number of malaria medicines.Ģ. If not treated, malaria can quickly become life-threatening by disrupting the blood supply to vital organs. Symptoms of malaria include fever, headache, and vomiting, and usually appear between 10 and 15 days after the mosquito bite. In 2013 an estimated 198 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide and 500,000 people died, mostly children in the African Region. In the human body, the parasites multiply in the liver, and then infect red blood cells. Malaria, from the Italian for “bad air”, is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium, which is transmitted via the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Here I will go over 13 parasitic and viral diseases that humans can contract from a mosquito bite. There are more than 3,000 species of mosquitoes, but the members of three bear primary responsibility for the spread of human diseases: Anopheles, Culex and Aedes spp. Not only can they carry some of the most feared diseases known to humankind, they also transmit several diseases and parasites that dogs and horses are very susceptible to. However, it has been said that mosquitoes cause more human suffering than any other organism - over one million people worldwide die from mosquito-borne diseases every year. We swat at them as we would any other nuisance. Day-in and day-out, we don’t think much about them except when they are buzzing by our ear. ![]() ![]() ![]() Reyna: Thirty years later, the label “riot grrrl” feels fraught in some ways. Wong: But I mean, at the end of the day, our band is just like, whatever we feel like doing, and it’s about having fun and as long as we’re, like, having fun with what we do and we feel like what we’re doing matters then, I guess we’ll just keep going, you know? Like we’re not trying to be riot grrrl or be one particular thing, you know, we just want to be a band that has fun and makes music and makes something that feels important to us. Mila de la Garza: I mean, like Bela said, it’s awesome that people have said that but it is like, I feel like there’s pressure there to live up to… Mila de la Garza & Lucia de la Garza: Yeah. But also it’s like, you know, we want to make sure we’re doing good by it, you know? Salazar: It’s very, very flattering and it’s awesome. Countless magazine articles, tweets and TV talk shows have pointed to the Linda Lindas as a band that is carrying on the riot grrrl legacy. It racked up millions of views and landed the band invites on late night TV and a record deal with the LA punk label Epitaph Records. ![]() So this is about him and all the other racist, sexist boys in this world. Eloise and I wrote this song based on that experience. After I told him that I was Chinese, he backed away from me. Mila de la Garza: A little while before we went into lockdown, a boy in my class came up to me and said that his dad told him to stay away from Chinese people. The song was a response to a racist incident recounted by the youngest band member, Mila (MEE-luh) de la Garza. And in 2021, they debuted a new, original song in a performance at the Los Angeles Public Library. Remember, they are teenagers (and at the time three of them were pre-teens). The following year, they opened for Bikini Kill and played a set of cover songs for a crowd of thousands of people at the Hollywood Palladium. Reyna: The Linda Lindas first started playing together in 2018. Tobi Vail: They’re very, almost intimidatingly fierce. Bikini Kill drummer Tobi Vail had high praise for this all-femme band. ![]() You can feel it comes from their heart, not something they overthink or want to show off. There’s something really authentic about their approach to music. Reyna: People light up when they talk about the Linda Lindas. I’m 14, yes.įabi Reyna: There’s one band that kept coming up over and over again during our interviews for this podcast. I’m 15 and I also play guitar.Įloise Wong: I’m Eloise and I play bass. I’m 12 and I play drums in the band.īela Salazar: I’m Bela. Special thanks to Jerad Walker, JT Griffith, Polaris Hall, Nathan Fasold and Black Book Guitarsįabi: Just a warning: You’re going to hear the F-word a lot in this episode. Voices in this episode: Musicians Corin Tucker, Tobi Vail and Jasmine Nyende along with Lucia de la Garza, Mila de la Garza, Eloise Wong and Bela Salazar of the Linda Lindas, and scholar and “Girls to the Front” author Sara Marcus. You can listen to the band’s live recordings here. “Board Up” is the only Fuck U Pay Us song available on Spotify. ![]() ![]() After a while calibrating your battery will become second nature and you’ll find yourself doing it before Watts even reminds you. The price is $6 and you can grab it from the App Store or get the standalone version (which I recommend). At the time of writing system requirements are macOS 10.11-10.14. Again, calibrating a battery will benefit any Mac whether it’s a PowerBook or latest MacBook Pro, regardless of what Apple says. Between calibrations you can simply keep an eye on the stats in the menu bar and if you see the battery health or capacity decline, just calibrate it sooner. If there’s any doubt just read my article about battery calobrations which includes a step-by-step. ![]() When the time comes, Watts will remind you and give you instructions on what to do. Depending on your usage 4 weeks is a good average. You can tweak this from 20 hours up to 40 hours but I do suggest using it and not turning it off.īy default, Watts will schedule recalibrations for every 4 weeks but you can tweak this settings to 1-6 weeks. Leaving your laptop connected to power all the time kills a battery faster than anything, so Watts can give you reminders after 30 hours (default) to yank the cord. One of the settings you can customize is “remind me to unplug my MacBook”. You will have to do some tweaking in the preferences but by default the settings are pretty good. Click on it and the above statistics show up. Sitting snug in your menu bar you can disable the macOS menubar item and let Watts display the battery percentage and runtime for you, if you want. Screw being ‘green’ right? Anyway, 2005 PowerBook or 2019 MacBook Pro, batteries still benefit from being calibrated once in a while and Watts can help you keep track of the right time. After all you can sell more batteries and get more traffic to the Genius Bar when batteries die sooner. Well, Apple did away with that information in 2014. Time that has passed since last calibration, time of use since last calibration etc.īack when Apple still had the common sense to recommend battery calibrations and explain how to do it (links to those archived pages here), they offered an iCal download that would automatically add itself to your iCal and notify you when it was time to give your battery some TLC. ![]() Sure you can set a calendar reminder but the right time to calibrate a battery depends on a few things and can vary. Watts is a utility that lets you know when your battery is due for a calibration. I mentioned battery calibrations right? Well that brings me to the companion app (it’s not really a companion app but on laptops I always use them both). If you want to play with Plus and/or support development of future versions, $10 is more than worth it for an app some of us have been using since the PPC days. A paid version is now available called coconutBattery Plus but to me the additional features are not worth the $10. To read out iOS battery info you need at least iOS 7 on your device. Overall coconutBattery is a very useful tool and best of all it’s FREE! At the time of writing system requirements are macOS 10.11-10.14 but older versions are available (though with less features). I don’t have many PPC laptops left but when I had them in abundance I used coconutBattery to see how well battery calibrations performed. Here’s a snap of what coconutBattery has to say about my wife’s phone: If you want coconutBattery will save a history of that battery health as well. Just connect the device to your Mac with the USB cable and click the “iOS Device” tab. One of the features I use a lot is it’s ability to show you the health of your iPhone or iPad’s battery. It allows you to save a history too so you can see how your battery declines over time or how it improves after calibration. Want to know how the current state of your battery compares to when it was new? This is the app for you. In short it tells you the health of your laptop battery along with some other information such as age, cycle count, manufacturing date and temperature. Most of you reading this will have heard of coconutBattery. ![]() With that out of the way, here are two apps that complement each other really well. I do not use affiliate links and do not get kick backs from any of the developers I mention in this series so you can be sure that any mention and recommendation I make is based on good first hand experience. Some of these tools you may know, others you may not. ![]() The idea is to cover a different tool every week or whenever time allows or the mood strikes. This is the first in a series called “Tools I use”. ![]() ![]() ![]() Besides, if you plan to donate after the sale, wouldn’t you rather get a few bucks out of something versus nothing at all? You can check out my month long ‘Declutter for Cash’ challenge where I sold everything online and made $288!īe Willing to Negotiate – If your goal is to declutter, be willing to negotiate on items (within reason). If you have items that are very valuable it may be better to post those for sale online instead of trying to sell them at a garage sale. Price Fairly – Nothing irritates me more than hitting up a garage sale that is charging close to retail prices for used items! People shop garage sales for deals, so make sure that you are pricing items to sell. I typically just charge a flat price for all books. If you have a large amount of a single type of item, you can sell all of them at the same price instead of labeling them individually. Simply add a little sticker (you can even buy pre-made ones at the dollar stores) with the price before you add it to your garage sale pile. The easiest way to label items is to do it as you declutter. Most people won’t bother asking for a price and pass on items if they aren’t labeled. Price Items as you Declutter – Every item you sell needs to have a price. That means I go through every area of my home and declutter. The money is amazing and the decluttered areas are fantastic! I’ve learned a few tips over the years that have made our garage sales successful, profitable and run smoothly.ĭeclutter Each Room – I’ve found my most successful garage sales are ones with lots of items for sale. I’ve been hosting garage sales since I was a teenager and have always had great success and made a few hundred extra dollars. Building Blocks to a Better Grocery Budget.Just like keeping an office organized and clean, your garage needs the same love. You must keep the items back to their respective places once they are used. You need to clean the garage regularly to keep it clean and organized all the time. You need to make sure that you are handling each and item very carefully. Also, keep it neat and clean all the time by sweeping the floors and spraying pesticides and insecticides. Organizing the garage in the right way is important to ensure that the cars can be kept easily in the garage. The few tools and items that you have chosen to keep must be kept in proper places. Then drop them at your nearest donation center.Īfter decluttering is done, you have to organize the garage. Pack all the items that are meant for donation. Now, you have recycled or trash the items that you have decided to toss. If you think that the item is still functional but you do not need it anymore, try to sell it or donate it. It can be really hard to let go off some of the things but you have to take a decision to clean the garage. So, it is better to throw it away rather than keeping it back again. If it is thrown to the garage, then it will serve nothing. It is better to throw away or donate the things that you are using for years or months. You must sort each and every item based on these 4 factors and place them in their respective pile. You have to make 4 piles for the items in your garage i.e. Now, you have to go through all the items present in the garage. If you divide the tasks among your friends and family then it will get better. Spring cleaning and decluttering the garage is not an easy task. Take help from your family and friends to get it done. Dedicating a whole day is better as de-cluttering cannot be done in haste. You have to first pick a day or two depending on the size of your garage or the amount of clutter you have to declutter everything from your garage. Here is a complete plan to clean the garage and de-clutter it : This article will go into the steps you need to take to declutter your garage. For many people, a garage is used as a storage room for those who do not have enough space in their home. How to Declutter Garage - Step-by-step Guideĭecluttering your garage can be quite a job to get done. If you are worried about how to declutter garage, then we are here to help you with this. So, you need to make sure that you clean the garage to make space for the cars. Normally people throw the useless stuff to the garage, instead of getting rid of it. This is because of the clutter in your garage. Even if they manage to have a room for one vehicle, there is no space for another one. But do you know? Almost 57% of the people with garages for two cars do not have enough room to park those cars inside it. ![]() A garage is one of the most important parts of your house. ![]() ![]() ![]() The developers really have done a fantastic job with this latest version of FCPX and I am blown away at how much more efficient and optimized the editing process has become, especially when compared to Premiere. I recently revisited Final Cut Pro X when I heard great things about their 10.4 update and….wow! I am honestly speechless at the vast amount of improvements made to this software. Seven years ago I left Final Cut Pro as my preferred editing suite, as many editors did at the time, for Adobe Premiere. Just check with some of Hollywood’s best filmmakers to see if it’s “not for pros”. Given the number of commercials, documentaries, and feature films that have been edited using FCPX in just the last few months, it’s safe to say it’s neither iMovie or very limited. Just ask the many that rely on it daily to edit television and film projects.īTW: When you see a review that says “basically iMovie”, “very limited functionality”, or “not for professionals”, you can trust the reivewer either doesn’t know how to use the product (likely) or has an agenda in favor of Adobe (also likely). It’s a great program for prosumers who want more than iMovie can offer, no doubt, but it’s also a superb tool for pros. Try FCPX and see for yourself that it is far, far from “iMovie for prosumers”. It can be hard to filter out the legitimate complaints. When it comes to Final Cut, and Apple in general, there is a lot of schadenfreude out there. Today Final Cut Pro X is an outstanding NLE. However, that’s not Final Cut Pro X today. Add to this the fact that Apple handled the update inelegantly, and it was quite the firestorm. There were legitimate issues at the time, with many features missing and an entirely new program to learn for editors that knew FCP like the back of their hands. ![]() When the revamped Final Cut Pro X first dropped, it upset many longtime users. I also love the ability to build templates/effects in motion that are so powerful and flexible to use in FCPX.ĭon’t beleive all the negativity, a remarkable NLE Not to mention I don’t HAVE to render as much in FCPX. I recently had to use Premiere Pro for a couple of projects and I can tell you that it is only when you use and really understand FCPX and then have to return to the traditional editing paradigm that you realize how much more flexible the magnetic timeline is. You have to really take the time to understand and embrace (rather than fight) how to use the Magnetic timeline but once you do it will allow you to edit must faster and facilitate your creativity more than any other editing program. In my opinion it has the cleanest and most efficient media browser that really allows you to organize and see all of your media at a glance. I have been an editor/graphic designer for nearly 20 years and work in FCPX eight or more hours a day 5 days a week and, while not perfect in the sense that there are some features and functions I would really like to see added(the reason for only 4 stars), it is by far my favorite (and fastest to use) editing app. Take the time to REALLY understand it and you will love it! But using it is like driving a sports car - way faster and more fun. ![]() If speed without any sacrifice in quality means anything to you, though, FCPX is your best bet. If control is your ultimate goal, choose something else, like Premiere. Other NLEs have since copied many of them. Then they added all the features pros wanted over the next 2 years, and not only did they add them, they RE-IMAGINED them to work better and faster. In the early days, editors scorned FCPX because it wasn't fully-featured. It does so much for you in the background, and, typical Apple, they've removed unnecessary options by doing them for you automatically, and exclusing ones that are irrelevant. Most don't really matter to what you're doing. I quickly noticed a 40% speed increase over track-based editors where everything you want to do is a deep dive down a rabbithole of sliders and checkboxes and dials. One month after switching from a track-based workflow to FCPX, I was shocked to find myself going home on-time for a change. But they really need to power through the paradigm shift to reach the point where the speed is really felt. Those who have edited in track-based software for years and years will find this jarring. ![]() The less you know about editing, the easier to learn this software is. Fastest NLE on the market, without sacrificing any quality ![]() ![]() ![]() $$ Ken’s Artisan Pizzaģ04 SE 28th, 50 Hand-tossed, wood-fired pizza. $$$Ĥ741 SE Hawthorne, 50 Some of Portland’s best pizza. $ Xicoģ715 SE Division, 50 Regional Mexican food in an elegant setting. ![]() $$ Taqueria Los Gorditosġ212 SE Division St, 50 Massive burritos, and traditional or vegan tacos. $$Ģ135 SE Division, 50 Flavors from Oaxaca, Yucatan, Vera Cruz. $$–$$$ġ625 NE Killingsworth, 97 Mex-Tex with a cocktail focus. $$–$$$ 3 Doors Down Caféġ429 SE 37th, 50 Italian-influenced seasonal menu. $$–$$$ Nostranaġ401 SE Morrison, 50 Wood-fired pizza, legendary pasta, and radicchio salad. ![]() $$$ Gino’sĨ051 SE 13th, 50 Neighborhood Italian restaurant serving hearty food. $$–$$$ Ava Gene’sģ377 SE Division, 97 Roman-inspired food and Portland Monthly’s restaurant of the year. $$ħ742 SE 13th, 50 Classic pasta dishes many vegetarian options. ![]() $$ India Houseġ038 SW Morrison, 50 Some of the best Indian food in the city. $–$$ģ010 SE Division, 50 Indian street food with large outdoor seating. $$$ Petite ProvenceĤ834 SE Division, 50 Parisian-style bakery and café breakfast, lunch, and dinner. $–$$ Le Pigeonħ38 E Burnside, 50 Pigeon, rabbit, and foie gras, for the adventurous meat-lover. $ġ011 NW 16th, 50 Savory and sweet crêpes in an atmosphere of kitsch elegance. $ Vege Thaiģ272 SE Hawthorne, 50 Thai vegetarian menu featuring faux meat. $$ Paradox Caféģ439 SE Belmont, 50 Vegan and vegetarian options breakfast served all day. $ Harlowģ632 SE Hawthorne, 97 Legendary vegan scrambles and fantastic smoothies. $–$$ġ713 NE 15th, 50 Vegan food that even non-vegans love. $–$$ Woodstock Wine & DeliĤ030 SE Woodstock, 50 Sandwiches, wine, imported beer, and cheese weekend barbecue special. Honoré Boulangerieģ333 SE Division, 97 Handcrafted, authentic French bread, pastries, and an array of savories. $–$$ La MouleĢ500 SE Clinton, 50 Retro brasserie featuring creative mussel dishes and other Belgian staples. $ Otto’s Sausage Kitchen & Meat MarketĤ138 SE Woodstock, 50 Wide selection of meats, cheeses, and deli fare. $ Little Big Burgerģ810 SE Division St, 50 Just burgers and fries. $ Kornblatt’s Delicatessen & Bagel BakeryĦ28 NW 23rd, 50 Jewish bakery with a traditional deli. $ Kenny & Zuke’s Delicatessenġ038 SW Harvey Milk St, 50 A real deli with fabulous pastrami and an extensive soda list. $$ Dots CaféĢ521 SE Clinton, 50 An array of food styles, great burgers, a pool table, and eclectic décor. $$ Bunk SandwichesĦ21 SE Morrison, 50 Meaty signature sandwiches and nosh. Soups, sandwiches, salads & more Bread & Ink Caféģ610 SE Hawthorne, 50 A variety of entrees, wonderful bread, and Sunday Yiddish brunch. $ Toastĥ222 SE 52nd, 50 Breakfast prepared with fresh, local, and natural ingredients. $ Pine State Biscuitsġ100 SE Division St #100, 50 Best biscuits in Portland for a grab-and-go breakfast or lunch. $ J&M Caféĥ37 SE Ash, 50 Enjoy great atmosphere and good food for breakfast or lunch. $ Junior’sġ742 SE 12th, 50 Delicious scrambles with local, organic ingredients. Jam on HawthorneĢ239 SE Hawthorne, 50 Breakfast until 3 p.m., scrambles & hashbrown plates, and fantastic Bloody Marys vegetarian, vegan, and gluten-free friendly. $ Genie’sġ101 SE Division, 50 Cheery American cafe known for its cornedbeef hash. $$ Fat Albert’sĦ668 SE Milwaukie, 50 Popular spot in a small space opens early. Site Navigation Portland Restaurants Breakfast & brunch BroderĢ508 SE Clinton, 50 Swedish-inspired brunch savory and sweet. ![]() ![]() ![]() Designed specifically for Apple devices, Safari runs faster than other browsers and uses less battery power, besides that it is a default browser for Apple devices. It is worth mentioning that Safari browser is available for Mac computers and laptops, as well as iPhone and iPad mobile devices. As it turned out, the most popular browser in the world is still Google Chrome (64.19%) and the second most popular browser is Safari (19.03%).įrom this statistic it makes clear why performing Safari browser test for compatibility is important and why testers should not neglect this browser. Analysts took into account data for both mobile browsers and desktop programs. Thanks to it, the most popular programs became known. StatCounter, a web traffic analysis tool, has released a report on the global browser market. So how to view website in Safari using different operating systems? And why is it important to test websites on Safari? Safari – the second most popular browser among users Their importance cannot be overemphasized when running tests on a wide variety of devices and systems, because it is impossible to have access to all the mobile devices and web components existing in the world. Thanks to emulators, testers get a real possibility to test the functionality of sites, web systems, using a significant number of devices and operating systems that are used on a daily basis by end users of the web site. Advantages of using Safari Emulator for web testing.Safari – the second most popular browser among users.The browser in which Microsoft 365 is opened.įor more information about browsers and Microsoft 365 Add-ins, see Browsers used by Microsoft 365 Add-in. Microsoft recommends upgrading to a newer version of Microsoft 365 to stop using Internet Explorer 11. ![]() Warning: Disabling Internet Explorer in the environments listed in the table below will cause Microsoft 365 Add-ins to stop working. The following table shows which browser is used for the various platforms and operating systems with Microsoft 365 Add-ins. Most Microsoft 365 for the web features will work in the Microsoft Edge browser on Hololens or XBox One. You can also find them in the Google Play store. We recommend using the Microsoft 365 for Android apps instead. There are currently no browsers on Android that are officially supported with Microsoft 365 for the web. If you're using an older version of iOS that no longer supports the Microsoft 365 mobile apps, then Safari is the best browser for Microsoft 365 for the web on iOS but some features may not be available. You can also find them in the Apple App Store. We recommend using the Microsoft 365 mobile apps instead. If your organization is dependent upon Internet Explorer 8 or Internet Explorer 9 to access older web apps and services, you may want to consider evaluating IE Mode for the new Microsoft Edge. Linux: Microsoft 365 for the web works in the new Microsoft Edge, Firefox or Chrome on Linux, but some features may not be available. MacOS: The new Microsoft Edge, Apple Safari (version 16 or newer), or Chrome Windows 10: The new Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, or Google Chrome Windows 11: The new Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, or Google Chrome Use the most recent versions of the following browsers for the best experience with Microsoft 365 for the web. Need to download the new Microsoft Edge? Go to Download Microsoft Edge Web Browser. Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer will get their updates through Windows Update it's important that you install those updates as they become available.įor more information see: Frequently Asked Questions about Windows Update. All modern browsers should update automatically, including the new Microsoft Edge, but please make sure your browser has auto-updates enabled. For customers who are using Internet Explorer we recommend switching to the new Microsoft Edge.įor the best security and functionality, keep your web browser up to date. Internet Explorer 11 is a component of the Windows operating system and Microsoft is committed to following the Lifecycle Policy for the product on which it is installed. Microsoft 365apps and services will not support Internet Explorer 11 starting August 17, 2021. ![]() ![]() ![]() Future HEP experiment environments will be even higher radiation environment thus, bright, dense, and fast scintillator detectors with excellent radiation hardness are required. With its excellent energy resolution (for the target high energy radiations) and detection efficiency (high density), the CMS PWO calorimeter played an essential role in discovering the Higgs boson via CMS experiments. Of these, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) particle detector (composed of 75,848 PWO scintillators) has a total size of 11 m 3, and is the largest among the used calorimeters. Common inorganic scintillators that compose calorimeters used in HEP experiments include CsI (undoped), BGO, and PbWO 4 (PWO). In HEP, scintillator light yield is secondary, as the energies involved are high, leading to a sufficiently large number of light photon emission during detection. Therefore, characteristics required of detectors in calorimeters include high detection efficiency (density), fast decay time, good energy resolution, and radiation resistance for precise measurements of large numbers of high-energy radiation. The radiation involved in HEP is typically high-energy photons and particles in large numbers (high fluence rate). In HEP, inorganic scintillators are essential for most radiation detectors in calorimeters, both existing and under development. Another scintillator-Ce:LuAP-had an observable photopeak at a temperature of 395 ☌, and the performance at elevated temperatures indicated Ce:LuAP has potential in well-logging applications. Therefore, the Ce:GPS scintillator is expected to show more excellent performance than the Pr:LuAG scintillator in high-temperature environments, including well-logging. However, compared with Ce:GPS, the Pr:LuAG scintillator has a relatively low light yield and possesses intrinsic radioactivity and short peak emission wavelength (306 nm). The light yield of Pr:LuAG, another scintillator known to have excellent temperature resistance, shows only slightly lower light output at 225 ☌ than at 50 ☌. ![]() The light yield of Ce:GPS was almost consistent from RT up to approximately 250 ☌. The Ce:GPS scintillator was first introduced in 2007 and is known to have excellent energy resolution, light yield, and temperature dependence. Some of the newly developed oxide scintillators have demonstrated potentials to be used in the well-logging industry. Thus, these two scintillators can replace NaI:Tl scintillator in well-logging, considering that they both have a similar drawback as NaI:Tl of being extremely sensitive to humidity and being very brittle. For example, LaCl 3:Ce maintains an almost constant light yield from 100 to 600 K, reaching its maximum at 500 K. Along with LaBr 3:Ce, 10% doped LaCl 3 showed even more impressive scintillation characteristics over a wide range of temperatures. Regarding temperature resistance, LaBr 3:Ce was reported to show 8% energy resolution at 175 ☌, superior to the 9.9% energy resolution of NaI:Tl at RT. These halide scintillators have received huge attention due to their excellent properties such as excellent light yield, good energy resolution, and high density. The increasing desire for more efficient high-temperature-resistant scintillators has led to the discovery of new halide scintillators, such as LaBr 3:Ce and LaCl 3:Ce, which were first introduced in the early 2000s. In addition, radiation detectors have to operate at high levels of vibration and shock, so the brittleness of the scintillator should also be considered. Therefore, radiation detectors used in the well-logging industry must maintain their performance in terms of scintillation properties (such as emission spectrum, decay time, and light output) at high temperatures. In general, the downhole environment is known to be at a temperature of about 175 ☌ and a pressure of 20,000 psi, and the vibration level and shock level caused by drilling are ~30 g RMS and ~700 g, respectively. Furthermore, in the case of logging while drilling implementations, the radiation detector may experience high levels of vibration and shock. The deeper the well, the harsher the downhole environment (temperature) in which nuclear measurements need to be made. For decades, there has been a steady demand for high-temperature radiation detectors to be used in the well-logging industry, and oil wells need to be drilled deeper to access new fuel sources. ![]() ![]() Download and install the Free KLite Codec Pack.We recommend that you create a Windows System Restore Point before installing codec packages.See the KLite Comparison Table for a complete list of supported media formats and tools for each KLite package variant. Note that KLite may be uninstalled later if desired. To Page Top Installing the KLite Codec Packįollow these installation steps. If you are having trouble, check the display driver documentation to ensure Extended Desktop is supported. Your display driver (or video card adapter driver) must support Windows Extended Desktop - most modern display drivers do. This driver is communicating video events to the codec Events such as: end of video reached, video playback time position, etc.įigure 1 shows the software stack used for Windows video playback. It's important keep your display device driver updated to the latest level supplied by the hardware manufacturer. This is likely an issue with the Klite MOV codec implementation. See the Recommended File Format section for more detail on MOV. The MF codecs work well with Microsoft video and audio format files (ie WMV, WMA, etc) but often not so well with other formats including popular Apple formats such as MP4, MOV/Quicktime, FLV and others.Ĭonverting the video to MP4 for instructions and a recommendation on a free converter program.Ī few customers have reported problems with the popular Apple MOV format but after converting the video to MP4, the video plays fine. If no other codecs are installed, the Microsoft Media Foundation (MF) codecs are used by default. See the separate Help page for Troubleshooting information.Ī codec is software that decompresses a media file so your computer can play it. ![]() Caveat: However, if you are NOT installing KLite Codec Pack and instead will be using the Windows Media Foundation(MF) codecs supplied with Windows, then WMV would be your best media format choice.MOV, FLV, etc) is not performing as expected, try converting the video to MP4 to see if the issue is resolved. This is NOT to say you must convert all your videos to MP4(AVC H.264). Other media formats will work, but the MP4 codec has shown solid reliability in our testing. MP4(H.264) is the the Recommended File Format choice to use with KLite codecs and VideoMill.KLite will install codecs that will facilitate playing MP4s (and many other formats) on a secondary display device. Install and tweak the KLite Codec Pack as detailed below (unless you have your own professional codecs installed).If you want to fully understand this recommendation, read the sections below. You will most likely need to apply the codec tweaks below for Video Mill to work properly. This can cause videos to freeze up when played on a secondary display (showing a blank screen or freeze on frame 1). Windows 10/8/7/Vista The standard Windows codecs are quite deficient in their support of non-Microsoft video formats (including popular ones like MP4 MOV, FLV, etc).Incredibly useful and a great alternative to simply install a huge number of codecs in case they are needed. All of the data is displayed in a handy, easy to read window, but you can also quickly export it to a text file so you can use it in other programs without the need to manually make a note of anything. You can learn about video resolution and audio bitrate as well as checking the frame rate of footage and the overall size and length of a file. ![]() You will be told not only about the name and format of the video, but the precise codec that was used during the encoding process – this is very helpful if you have found that you were unable to play the file and just want to install the necessary codec rather than a full codec pack.īut the tool can be used to discover a wealth of additional information about media files. You will be provided will a screen packed will all manner of details about the currently selected file. Whichever route you decide to go down, the result will be the same. You have the option of launching the main program and then selecting the file you would like to know more about, or you can right click on an audio or video file and select the MediaInfo Lite entry that has been added to the menu. It installs as a regular Windows application, but it also features context menu integration. The program can be used in one of two ways. Rather than just installing every available codec, you may want to take a look at MediaInfo Lite, a free tool that can be used to determine just which codec you need. ![]() ![]() If you regularly obtain audio and video files from different sources, you may not always know what format they will be provided in and what codec will have been used to encode them. With so many different codecs to choose from, it is little wonder that codec packs such as K-Lite prove so popular. ![]() |
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